Entry #67

The health implications of volcanic ash from explosive eruptions to the human respiratory system can be significant. This project explores the impact that ash can have on communities and towns after an eruption. In one study linked to the 2002 eruption of Mount Etna in Italy, hospital emergency department visits from 1 month after the eruption were compared with visits during the same time period one year prior to the eruption. Results showed that there was a significant increase in visits related to respiratory system ailments associated with exposure to ashfall. Further, data showed that these issues continued longer due to re-suspended ash from human activities. Another study from Hawaii considered “vog” associated with Kilauea Volcano, which has been erupting since 1983. Researchers assessed exposure of sulfur dioxide and acidic aerosol on children and demonstrated that chronic exposure to vog is linked to coughing and long-term impacts on lung function. Results from these studies can be used by public health officials to prepare for the increased number of individuals suffering from respiratory system problems. For example, equipment to mitigate re-suspension of ash, warning systems, and more personnel to distribute masks have shown to be crucial strategies to protect human lives. This study contributes to understanding of both short- and long-term effects of ash fall to the human respiratory system. This kind of information is vital for communities to better understand the consequences and how to prepare for potentially hazardous volcanoes.