Mount Hood

Bring love to Monmouth

Written by. Jude Bokovoy

Tyrone Spates, known as the “Jesus loves you guy,” is one of Monmouth’s newest residents. Standing on the four-way intersection connecting Monmouth Avenue and Highway 99, Spates proudly wears neon clothing and shirts that read “Jesus Loves You,” as he dances and waves for residents to honk and smile at. 

Q: What’s your full name and mission?

A: Tyrone Spates, just to let people know Jesus loves you.

Q: How long have you been in Oregon, where else have you lived?

A: I’m from Memphis, Tennessee, and I’ve been here three years — Salem and here.

Q: How long have you been doing this?

A: For three years — since I got here.

Q: What inspired you to do this?

A: I was in prison. I got in the wrong car, and I get 23 years in the penitentiary. And I had open heart surgery… April 8, I didn’t eat, sleep or take a dump for two weeks. So you know I was in bad shape. I picked up the bible, and I went right to Matthew 7:7 and guess what it says; ‘ask Tyrone and it will be given, seek Tyrone and you will find, knock and the door will open onto you’. I said “Lord, don’t let me down here.” And when I called Him, the mic camera said ‘special report to medical.’ When I called Him, they called me (in). When I called, he came runnin’ for real. And when I got out of prison, I said Imma tell everybody to the end of the world, that You (Jesus) loves me, and you love them too. And that’s what got me doin’ what I do.

Q: What is your goal later in life? 

A: Well, I was homeless for three years. I got me a housing voucher in six months and I couldn’t find no where to go with my voucher. It’s like (having) winning a lottery ticket but can’t cash it in. Lord told me go call Miss Capi Lynn. She works for the Salem Journal newspaper. She’s my angel, my brother said ‘she’s your vessel.’ God used her for a vessel and got me off the street. February 15th my voucher was over with, I called Miss Capi, she said “baby we’re going to do something about this.” She got me right here right now. I stay right there (proudly stating his address) and I got a housing voucher. The whole house is functional, everything been given to me, brand new. And everybody ain’t giving this to the homeless. My mission is to get me something like a food truck to feed the homeless. It’s (there’s) not homeless in Monmouth, but they homeless in Salem. There’s a lot of homeless people in Salem, up on the bridges. So I go where people don’t even go, where churches don’t go. See people using drugs, they need help. I pass out sacks of food, peanut butter sandwich, a bag of chips, a cake and a water bottle. That will go a long ways when you’re homeless. I understand, I used to get it myself, I know how much it would help a person out. I try to do it everyday, I try to record myself doin’ it, but it’s hard when your passin’ out a sack lunch and trying to record myself and do all that at one time. So I just pass out and only let God bless me.

Q: How do you know Miss Capi?

A: I used to stand outside the Salem Journal for six hours every day and wave at traffic. And I was just doin’ it everyday. I just love to do it. She said can I tell your story? I said sure. She put me on the front of the newspaper. There was a big ol’ article about me. She just told everything about me you know. You know I told her about you, (Spates told Capi). I’m going to make sure she puts in that you’re my angel, you’re going to be in the paper too ma’am. I told her last night that I was going to meet you today. 

Q: What’s your newest blessing?

A: Now He blessed me over here at the Chicken House (Kentucky Fried Chicken). I put the application in, she said Tyrone you got the job. From 4:30 p.m. they close at 9:30 p.m. so I don’t know what time I get off. Today’s my first day of work. I’m a dishwasher so I’ve got to watch a tape and then wash the dishes. It’s been 26 years since I’ve had a job. So I don’t know how it’s gon’ go, I really don’t even know. I can’t wait to get up there, my brother said “let your first impression be your best impression.” So I’m going to try that, go with all black on (unlike his typical neon attire accompanied with a Jesus Loves You shirt). I wasn’t getting nothing out here at first. I was just waving, people give me donations sometimes. I sell Jesus Loves You shirts, I ain’t got no more shirts because my funds have had ran out. So when I get some funds I’ll sell more Jesus Loves You Shirts. I give a lot to small kids to inspire them to tell your mothers you love them. My mama held me by the hands. She said son I love you and kissed me. Six hours later she was in the hospital, she had a blood clot in her stomach and she died. I never got the chance to tell her that I love her, and it hurts me everyday. That’s something I’ll hold for the rest of my life. She told me that, but I never got the chance to tell her that. I tell everybody, tell your mother you love her, cause look to your right, look to your left, somebody won’t be there in a minute. People don’t like when I talk like that, but that’s the truth. 

Q: What inspired you to sell T-shirts and what colors do you provide?

A: Well, I can get any color you want. But they say I got to get with the program I got to get black and gold, yella, I want to get all the colors this week. I got size small to a 4x. For $20, and I make $6 off a shirt (0.30% profit) when I sell them. I love standin’ out there and makin’ people smile. I turn your frown into a smile. It takes so many muscles to frown, your whole face stressin’ out. You’ll live longer (if you smile) for real. He (God) ended up blessing the (t-shirt) business. All the blessings delayed, not a blessing denied. So if you’re asking for something and He hasn’t given it to you, just wait he gon give it to you. It took him three years to give me mines. I’d been homeless for three years, my brother said “come back here” I said ‘I can’t go back this is my home.’ If I come back down there in six months, real talk I’d probably be dead — Memphis is warzone for real. I’m so glad to be down here. I can take a walk around. In Memphis, when you park your car to fill up for gas, they jack. So when you fill it up, they take the car. I can’t go home, this is my home up here. 

Q: I heard that The Sippery is going to sell your shirts, is that true?

A: Yes! I’ve got to say something about her too. I sold the lady a shirt in a big ol’ black truck one day. The next morning she called me and said this lady right here Tyrone, she wants to meet you. And you know I didn’t know. She said “I own The Sippery honey you can come into my place and sell your shirts.” I said what? She said “yeah.” I didn’t want to miss it because I want her in the paper too. 

Q: Do you like it when people honk at you?

A: I love it. It’s different here than in Salem. Why I say that, is ‘cause in Salem, if you have an old white man and you an old white woman, she’s got to ask her husband. I watch them, she asks can I wave at him? He say yeah, she goes crazy. But down here, mhm, they don’t do none of that. They wavin’ off the top, it’s different around here. It don’t take a lot to make me happy. You know sometimes it takes cars, money, not me. I just see people smilin’ and I’m happy. 

Q: Do you see yourself stopping at some point?

A: Yep He’ll (Jesus) be back in a minute. Imma stop when he gets back. It ain’t much longer of me doin’ this, no talk, real talk. 



Contact the author at howllifestyle@mail.wou.edu




















Guardians of Marvel’s Reputation

Written by:  Gretchen Sims

The most recent installment of the Guardians of the Galaxy franchise was released in theaters on May 5, as part of Marvel’s Phase Five project. The film, which was written and directed by James Gunn, starred many fan favorites including Chris Pratt as Peter Quill AKA Star-lord, Zoe Saldana as Gamora, Dave Bautista as Drax, Vin Diesel as Groot, Pom Klementieff as Mantis, Karen Gillan as Nebula and Bradley Cooper as Rocket. 

Besides the classic crew, “Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3” also cast some new faces. Will Poulter, best known for his roles as Eustace Scrubb in “The Chronicles of Narnia: The Voyage of the Dawn Treader” and as Gally from “The Maze Runner,” made a spectacular appearance as Adam Warlock — an all-powerful being with a little bit lacking upstairs. Sean Gunn, best known as Kirk from “Gilmore Girls,” played Kraglin — Yondu Udonta’s incompetent replacement. Possibly most surprisingly, Sylvester Stallone made a brief cameo as a Ravager. 

The story follows Rocket’s origin story as he fights for his life after being attacked by Adam Warlock. The Guardians soon notice that Rocket has a killswitch inside him that prevents them from reviving him. The remaining Guardians must locate Rocket’s inventor and steal a code that can deactivate the killswitch that will certainly spell his doom. 

This movie encompasses all the stuff Marvel used to be made of. The cinematography and CGI are certainly some of the best out of the recent Marvel Phases. But despite beautiful displays, this movie is able to take Marvel fans back to their roots — the good times when Marvel movies were more than just an obvious cash grab. 

From the constant heartbreaks to the beautiful, heartwarming resolution, this film is a rollercoaster of emotions that is sure to delight fans everywhere. Every time the audience was served with a flashback from Rocket’s childhood, I was nearly on the verge of crying — and I don’t cry while watching movies. It was a real tearjerker, so be sure to grab a box of tissues before going to give this movie a watch.

9/10.

Contact the author at howlentertainment@wou.edu

Beau is afraid, and so am I

Written by: Mikayla Coleman

“Beau Is Afraid” — Ari Aster’s third full length feature film running just under three hours — has a beast of a storyline. Attempting to explain anything about this film can be an enormous challenge and those who have seen it will understand. 

The film follows the tumultuous relationship between Beau, played by Joaquin Phoenix, and his mother, Mona Wassermann, played by Patti LuPone. 

After a visit with his therapist, Beau is set to leave for a trip to see his mother. However, a set of unfortunate circumstances prevents Beau from leaving on time. As his home and neighborhood evolve into a terrifying hellscape filled with odd characters with a tendency toward stabbing strangers on the street, Beau learns of the death of his beloved mother he was just meant to visit. In a hurried struggle to go lay her to rest immediately, Beau is struck by a car. 

This movie does a wonderful job at simulating what it can be like to have anxiety. The soundscape, visuals and symbolism are absolutely saturated with paranoia. Through exploring Beau’s warped world, one is able to understand and empathize with his fear that everyone in his life is playing a fixed part in the journey to unveiling his guiltiness and his ultimate demise. 

The film has a unique way of pulling the rug from underneath its viewers — every time that one thinks to themselves that they could possibly have a grip on what is actually going on or what may be coming next, it takes a massive turn into the unexpected.

Along with the film’s long run time comes multiple different acts, differing from one another greatly in all aspects. It takes a multimedia approach, with animated portions, flashback scenes, another entirely constructed timeline in which Beau has a family and is separated from them and many, many more twists and turns. 

This movie was beautiful, heartbreaking, cathartic and terrifying. It may have been how long the movie was, or simply the subject matter, but I felt disoriented for days after watching “Beau is Afraid” — trying to piece together what it was supposed to mean and debating what parts could have been tangible or dramatized by the unreliable narration of Beau. 

The only way to know how one will feel about this film is for them to experience it themselves. It is something no one can prepare one for. 

7/10.

Contact the author at howleditor@wou.edu

All for one, one for all

Written by: Dakota Gange

Finding what is conducive to one’s success as a student can be challenging. Western has a plethora of resources available for students, many of which are located in the Werner University Center — a central campus location that is full of student aid. 

From Abby’s House assisting students with basic needs, to the Center for Professional Pathways helping students to navigate possible careers and internships, to the Non-Traditional Student Lounge, there’s help where Wolves need it. 

Next to Caffé Allegro lies the Freedom Center — a room that is nearly impossible to miss upon entering the WUC. Their atmosphere is bright and welcoming, offering a casual lounge and living room setting with T.V., music, snacks and drinks; a study table, test-taking resources and most imperative, immediate drop-in student-led advisory that can be an aid for everyone in answering questions one may have. This includes basic questions about how to navigate DegreeTracks, all the way up to helping students with their DACA — Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals — paperwork. 

The Freedom Center was founded by minorities and established as a safe place for BIPOC students to gather; all ethnicities are welcome. 

If one were to walk into the Freedom Center today, they’d find a recently rearranged, calming and welcoming atmosphere — while visiting I felt comfortable, welcomed and confident. 

However, recently circulating among various campus departments, including ASWOU, is a letter suggesting the closure of the Freedom Center. 

In a Western Howl “Letter to the Editor,” a person the Howl will not be naming, wrote: 

“The majority of faculty and students at WOU are white females. This is not surprising as it is a teachers’ college in Oregon and females are historically the majority in education and Oregon is overwhelmingly white.

Society would benefit in many ways if more males from ethnic minorities became teachers (Black males are particularly underrepresented in the teaching profession) and WOU should lead in recruitment.

Unfortunately WOU’s creation of a ‘Freedom Center’ as ‘a safe space for BIPOC students’ and ‘to provide a refuge for People of Color’ is counterproductive. It is based on patronizing assumptions by white women and was not requested by any minority student.

BIPOC is a term created by white academics who mistakenly think their concern for ending oppression of Blacks automatically gives them enough of an understanding of Black experience as to qualify them to speak for Blacks.

This is pretentious and patronizing and in some cases (such as Rachel Dolezal, Jessica A. Krug, CV Vitolo-Haddad et al) leads to a fraudulent claim that an affinity for Blacks qualifies as identification as Black.

WOU needs to shut down the Freedom Center because it sends the wrong messages. It implies that minority students are not safe on campus and need a refuge. It officially divides the student body into two distinct groups: white and People-of-Color (which is plain racism).

WOU must hire minorities to represent and speak for minority interests and end this damaging patronization by unqualified white women,” this individual wrote.  

Reitorized, the Freedom Center was founded by minority students. According to Western’s Institutional Research, as of fall 2022, 57.6% of students are White, with the next leading percentage of 23.8% for Hispanic/Latino students. 

After receiving the letter, I spoke to Western student and Co-Director of the Freedom Center Aneli Godinez-Martinez. 

“I know that the person that sent (the letter), after talking with our supervisors, is probably someone that hasn’t come to the center, and/or doesn’t know how it was brought up. I think the letter was pulled out of context a little bit right off the bat, as it pulls pieces of our mission statement into the letter,” said Martinez. 

The Freedom Center’s mission statement, which can be found on Western’s website, states, “The Freedom Center strives to serve as a safe space for all students, especially those who are BIPOC and their intersectional identities. We welcome every unique individual here at Western Oregon University as we provide resources, connections, and education for our campus.” 

This is where Martinez wants to clarify that though the mission statement says that it’s a “safe space,” it’s not to be taken out of context — the statement is not implying that any part of campus is unsafe, but rather that the Freedom Center is a place that welcomes tough questions for students who have additional hurdles, like how to renew one’s DACA paperwork, as well as a place for immediate advising help, even for what may seem like a simple question, such as how to register for classes.  

While there are non-student staff members, it’s important that the Freedom Center is primarily run by students. 

“We do mention that we are a space for BIPOC students and intersectional identities, but any student that comes in here — we love that we have students in here and that they like to hang out. Our resources are provided for everybody. But you know, minority students sometimes need a little extra help because maybe they’re first-generation students, and so they might not know how to go about college.” 

While the center is actively expanding its ability to provide various resources to students, it can still aid in finding out any information a student may need. 

“It’s (the Freedom Center) definitely to bring the school together, definitely not to separate us even more. I love that all races, sexual identities and orientations are welcome here. Everyone’s welcome here,” said Martinez.  

“It’s always been a center that was worked on by minority students, and we wanted to create a space for students to feel welcome — but it’s not that we want to create a space that only minority students can go to, or the only place they feel safe, it’s more so just to be a space where students can get a peer to peer perspective — everyone that works here are students, so it’s student-led for a reason.” 

Martinez expresses that if there’s any misunderstanding or curiosity about what the center is, the best way to get an understanding of it is to come in and meet with the students that work at the center. Anyone and everyone is welcome to come “see what they’re about.”

Contact the author at howlmanagingeditor@wou.edu

Gov. Tina Kotek signs ban on Styrofoam food containers into law

Written by: Mirella Barrera-Betancourt

Beginning in 2025, restaurants and food vendors in Oregon will be required to ditch the use of styrofoam takeout containers under a new law passed by the Oregon Legislature. 

On Monday, May 8, Gov. Tina Kotek signed a ban on plastic polystyrene foam containers into law — making Oregon the ninth state in the United States to ban the usage, sale and distribution of the plastic foam containers.

The fight towards the ban on polystyrene foam containers was a long time coming, according to  lawmakers. On Wednesday, Apr. 26, Senate Bill 543 cleared the House with a 40-18 vote. On Monday, Apr. 3, the bill was passed by the Oregon Senate with a 20-9 vote. 

The recently signed Senate Bill 543 would phase out the common polystyrene foam used for takeout containers, which advocates claim is quick to break down into small particles and pollute the ecosystem. The new law would equally prohibit businesses from using and selling foam packing peanuts, as well as single-use foam coolers. 

The new law joins Oregon with the likes of Colorado, Maine, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Vermont, Virginia and Washington in outlawing the use of polystyrene. Meanwhile, the cities of Ashland, Eugene, Florence, Lincoln City, Medford, Milwaukie, Newport, Portland and Silverton have already passed ordinances prohibiting the sale of polystyrene foam for prepared meals.

The history of bans outlining environmental concerns have been abundant throughout the state. 

A similar bill suggesting a ban on styrofoam takeout containers was rejected by the Oregon Senate in 2019, with a 15-14 vote out of the 16 votes required. In 2020, stores and restaurants became strictly barred from providing single-use plastic bags, replacing them with paper bags and the option for a more ecological form of a plastic bag for a small charge. In 2019, an additional law was imposed that forbade restaurants from providing single-use plastic straws unless requested by the customer. 

Over the years, both environmental activists and advocates of the ban have brought up a multitude of issues surrounding the use of single-use styrofoam takeout containers. For one, styrofoam containers are not accepted in curbside recycling. 

Furthermore, styrofoam containers contain poly-fluorinated substances — known as “forever chemicals” — which are used by restaurants and food vendors for grease and waterproofing. These chemicals accumulate in abundance in the environment and have been linked to reproductive issues, cancer, high cholesterol and immune system suppression. 

“Polystyrene is a threat to the health of our communities and our land,” said Senator Janeen Sollman, a chief sponsor of Senate Bill 543. “This is a step towards a more sustainable and mindful approach to consumption and a commitment to preserving the health, beauty, and diversity of Oregon for generations to come.” 

Senate Bill 545 was signed by Gov. Tina Kotek alongside Senate Bill 543, which directs the Oregon Health Authority to create rules and regulations for vendors regarding personal reusable food containers for takeout and leftover meals. This second law makes it legal for the public to utilize their own reusable takeout containers.

Contact the author at howlnews@wou.edu

Peacock Festivities

Written by:  Mikayla Coleman

The first annual Monmouth Peacock Festival will be held May 20, at Monmouth Main Street Park from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. The city will be coming together to celebrate the wild peacocks present in Monmouth’s residential neighborhoods. Admission to the festival is free. 

The purpose of the festival is stated on their website, “The Peacock festival is an opportunity to celebrate Monmouth Oregon’s uniqueness and to bring enjoyment to the attendees through art, craft, entertainment and education.” 

The festival will have live entertainment and demonstrations, arts & crafts vendors, community groups and children’s activities — as well as a Finders Keepers art rock hunt.

The festival will also include The Running of the Peacocks — a 5k and 1k fun run for all ages and abilities. The run will begin and end at the Main Street Park Amphitheater, circling through Western’s campus. Registration is required and costs $10 per person, children under 12 are free of charge as long as they are accompanied by a paying parent or guardian. Each participant will be given a commemorative pair of peacock-themed socks, while supplies last. 

There will also be a Peacock Calling Contest at 2:00 p.m. on the amphitheater stage. Peacock calls will be judged on tone, cadence, pitch, volume and overall accuracy. Participants are encouraged to pre-register online and there is no cost to enter. The winner will be awarded a prize. 

The Peacock Festival seeks to appreciate the area’s natural resources and celebrate community engagement. 

Contact the author at howleditor@wou.edu

Be Our Guest

Written by: Jude Bokovoy

The Etiquette Dinner is back, reigning annual tradition at Western, now returning after its brief hiatus in 2020-2021. The Center for Professional Pathways has brought it back with a new fashion twist. This event is provided for all Western students and sponsored professionals. Bring enrolled friends, family and even a date to this wonderful night. 

On May 22, attendees will enter the Werner University Centers’ Pacific Room to be greeted with a mocktail and the opportunity to find a seat at an elaborately decorated table. Attendees will then watch a fashion show hosted by Stitch Closet, to give ideas and inspiration for professional attire. On each place setting there will be a card to provide an opportunity to win a gift by matching each model to the provided professional settings before the etiquette dinner begins. 

Once the show concludes, Sabra Jewell, the Communications Coordinator for the City of Monmouth, will lead the audience through a three-course dinner. The french inspired meal will include a salad, an entree and dessert all with vegan and gluten-free options. Each member will learn proper dining etiquette for each course, conversation cues and anything else that would come up during a work dinner. 

This event is for those who want to learn more about how to conduct themselves at a formal dinner with their future boss and colleagues. Everyone will be dressed in formal attire, ready to learn and have a great evening with the Western community. There will be professionals to sit with as well as ones friends, fellow classmates and enrolled guests. Every student is welcome to attend free of charge. 

For more information, follow @woucpp or @stitchcloset.wou on Instagram for the menu, updates and polls. The event is filling up fast, make sure to register. Use the QR code provided in the newspaper, the student email or on a poster around campus. 

Contact the author at howllifestyle@mail.wou.edu

Liv’n it up in Lifestyle

Written by:  Jude Bokovoy

Searching for a job for next school year that looks great on a resume, teaches tangible skills and will prepare one for professional writing in the workplace? Here’s why being the Western Howl’s Lifestyle Editor should be on your application list. 

Encourages activity — One of the most common topics associated with the current lifestyle section is things to do and places to go. This role will get one out of their comfort zone and out of town to encourage students to do so as well. There is no limit on topics or area code to stay within; the Howl is one’s oyster. 

Passions — Spread the word about all of the hobbies and little joys one partakes in. Interested in cooking? Write a recipe. Enjoy making jewelry? Show off creations and give a tutorial on how others can do just the same. Even if it’s a random or niche activity, if one is passionate about it, one can put it in the newspaper. 

Capture time — Writing about trends, apps, popular activities and places creates a snapshot in time for all students to look back on. It also encourages one to participate to get a full understanding before reporting about it. 

The people — Not only will one have a support system at the Howl, but also the opportunity to give interviews to people one finds interesting. Whether it’s a business owner, artist or whoever, there’s a good chance an interview can be made possible. 

Have ideas come to life — For any article one writes, there is always a photo or a graphic to describe it. When it comes to graphics, one can think of anything that makes them happy and curious, tell a designer and see it on production night. It’s so fun to see what the designers do with the idea to make it their own as well. With photos one will be able to work on their photography skills and will have their photo on the cover from time to time. 

Inspires one to be a better person — Writing for the lifestyle section gives the unique opportunity to give advice to fellow students. This could be anything from living with roommates to being true to oneself. It gives one time and reason to think about how they can improve themselves and how far they have come to give advice directly from one’s life. 

Grow as a writer — Being an editor is like jumping into an upper-division writing course with three professors and one as the only student. There will be so much to learn about writing, with one’s own style and Associated Press style at the forefront. It will take some getting used to at first, but with time having a team of people editing one’s work will become normal. The healthy and encouraging environment is made for people to grow and someone will be there to answer any question no matter how silly it may sound. 

Contact the author at howllifestyle@mail.wou.edu

What the lifestyle editor writes about:

  • Activities
  • Restaurants 
  • Hobbies
  • Places
  • Advice
  • Recommendations

The Main Character’s Playlist

Written by: Mirella Barrera-Betancourt

Having a bad day? Need a confidence boost? The following songs can help reframe any day into a scene from a movie, whether one is walking home or cruising down a backroad with the windows down. This playlist is for the people who want to feel on top of the world. 

“Animals” — Neon Tree

“Cigarette Daydream” — Cage The Elephant

“Escapism” — RAYE ft. 070 Shake

“Electric Love” — BORNS

“Daisy” — Ahnikko

“Collide” — Justine Skye ft. Tyga

“Midnight City” — M83

“Prom Queen” — Beach Bunny

“Sweater Weather” — The Neighborhood

“Hayloft” — Mother Mother

“Sweet Dreams” — Eurythmics

“Girls Just Want To Have Fun” — Cyndi Lauper

“Riptide” — Vance Joy

“Heroes” — ZAYDE Wolf

“Call Out My Name” — The Weeknd

“Judas” — Lady Gaga

“People I Don’t Like” — UPSAHL

“Ribs” — Lorde

“Big Boy” — SZA

“Perfect Day” — Hoku

“Tongue Tied” — Grouplove

“Gimme Love” — Joji

“Out Of My League” — Fitz And The Tantrums

“Tia Tamera” — Doja Cat ft. Rico Nasty

“Wicked Ones” — Dorothy

“Swim” — Chase Atlantic

“YOUTH” — Troye Sivan

“Someone To You” — BANNERS

“Feel It Still” — Portugal. The Man

“Stay” — The Kid LAROI, Justin Bieber

“Teeth” — 5 Seconds Of Summer

“Hurricane” (Artsy Remix) — Halsey

Contact the author at howlnews@wou.edu

Best Netflix Documentaries

Written by: Gretchen Sims

Sometimes, particularly during the fickle spring weather, all homework should be cast aside in favor of a good documentary. After all, what could possibly be better than snuggling up with a blanket — perhaps a cat or two — and a warm beverage of choice to watch the evermore fascinating life of someone else? 

Thankfully, many fantastic options are readily available on popular streaming services. Often, the most significant hurdle between one and their perfect afternoon is all the options to choose from.  

To alleviate a stressful afternoon spent scrolling Netflix for the perfect documentary, here are some of the best, most interesting documentaries to choose from. These will not disappoint. 

TRUE CRIME:

“The Keepers” — This seven-episode series follows the mysterious death of Sister Catherine Cesnik, a teacher at Baltimore’s all-girls Archbishop Keough High School. Former students suspect foul play after a priest is accused of abuse. 

Content Warning: contains mentions of sexual abuse and violence

TV-MA

“Murder Among the Mormons” — This three-episode mini-series details the life of one of the most notorious forgers in history who created fakes that duped The Church of Latter-day Saints. As he begins to feel the law closing in on him, the forger resorts to the unimaginable. 

Content Warning: violence

TV-14

“Murdaugh Murders: A Southern Scandal” — This three-episode mini-series covers the highly mediatized Murdaugh case. After a major blow is made to the Murdaugh family name, an offending family member and his mother are mysteriously found deceased. 

Content Warning: suicide and violence

TV-MA

“Worst Roommate Ever” — Dorothea Puente is an outstanding member of the community. She donates to politicians, rescues kittens and even opens up her home to the less fortunate. Is it possible that something more sinister lurks beneath this grandmotherly facade? Each of the episodes details a different roommate horror story.

Content Warning: violence

TV-MA

CULTS:

“Keep Sweet: Pray and Obey” — This four-episode series focuses on the happenings within the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day church. The documentary gives the unique perspectives of family members and ex-wives of Rulan Jeffs on the Mormon sect under the leadership of Warren Jeffs.  

Content Warning: religious trauma and sexual abuse

TV-MA

“Waco: American Apocalypse” — One of Netflix’s newer documentaries, this three-episode limited series contains real-life footage and interviews with survivors that detail the horrific situation in Waco Texas. FBI hostage negotiation teams clashed with on-ground forces in a way that escalated into the death of hundreds. 

Content Warning: religious trauma, sexual abuse and violence

TV-MA

“Sins of Our Mother” — A loving mother, quickly turned doomsday believer, is willing to follow her new religion to unbelievable ends. This three-episode series takes a deep dive into a popular case.

Content Warning: religious trauma, violence

TV-14

“One of Us” — This documentary follows three Hasidic Jews and their journey to leave a very restrictive Jewish sect. With little to no education, these people must fight for their place in the outside world.

Content Warning: religious trauma

TV-14

THOUGHT-PROVOKING:

“13th” — This thought-provoking documentary forces its audience to take another look at the American prison system. 

Content Warning: discusses racism and difficult topics

TV-MA

Contact the author at howlentertainment@wou.edu

Revenge is Best Served Raw

Written by:  Mikayla Coleman

Released on Netflix Apr. 6, the 10-episode drama mini-series “Beef” has been taking the world by storm. The series, created by Lee Sung Jin, stars Steven Yeun as Danny Cho, Ali Wong as Amy Lau and David Choe as Isaac Cho. 

The series follows Danny Cho, a struggling contractor, and Amy Lau, a prestigious business owner, as their worlds collide and implode after a particularly spicy road rage incident between the two. Instead of setting things aside and moving on as most typically would, both characters allow the incident to fester into a bitter feud that completely takes over their professional and personal lives — putting everything and everyone in jeopardy. 

The two main characters’ lives could not be more different. The show begins by depicting Danny struggling to maintain his contracting business and cohabitating with his younger brother in a small apartment. 

Amy Lau is on the cusp of a major business deal that will allow her to sell her small business and finally be able to enjoy the luxury that she has worked hard for. Amy has a young daughter and a mildly famous husband, known for being the son of a famous Japanese artist. While Amy seems to have the “better” life, it becomes clear throughout the series that money truly cannot buy happiness. Amy is painstakingly choosing to be surrounded by many tone-deaf members of the one percent — earnestly trying to ignore the blatant philosophical and ethical differences between herself and those close to her. 

And despite the money that Lau has access to, there is a major parallel between both Danny and Amy — their utter, bitter unhappiness. This common thread of struggle weaves the two together in a beautiful melancholy throughout the entire series and ultimately brings them together when they are both at their lowest. 

Most episodes begin by displaying paintings by David Choe, carrying heavy visual metaphors and symbolism for what is to come. The seething energy that is present between these two characters, along with several deviations and side plots, makes every minute captivating. 

9.5/10.

Contact the author at howleditor@wou.edu

Can small schools make as big of an impact?

Written by: Nicholas Sarysz

As someone who is soon to be a college graduate, who has attended four different universities throughout my four years of college, I can confidently say that there is no one-size-fits-all answer to the often-asked question of whether small colleges are as good as large colleges. Ultimately, the decision of where to attend college comes down to individual preferences.

On the one hand, small colleges can offer a more personalized education. With smaller class sizes and a more intimate campus environment, students at small colleges have more opportunities to build relationships with their professors and peers, which is something a lot of people look for when choosing a school.

However, small colleges often have limited resources, both in terms of academic programs and extracurricular activities. This can impact students’ opportunities to explore different areas of interest or gain experience in their chosen fields. Additionally, small colleges may have limited name recognition outside of the general area where they are located, which may impact students’ job prospects and graduate school opportunities.

The biggest issue with small colleges is the “big fish in a small pond” conundrum, where a lot of students may gain a false sense of superiority given their lack of socialization with and understanding of the real world. This often creates a less welcoming environment for students who don’t fit into established social circles. Usually, there is far less cultural diversity within a smaller university campus as well.

Larger colleges, on the other hand, offer a much wider range of academic programs, research opportunities and extracurricular activities. There are often more options for clubs and organizations, as well as more diverse perspectives and experiences to learn from and immerse yourself in. Larger colleges also have more name recognition and resources to support students’ career and graduate school aspirations, thus providing more flexibility for those who want to relocate after they graduate.

In my personal experience, I much prefer larger universities. Larger college campuses are like their own town with daily events, multiple restaurants and things to do, making them a lot more fun. On top of this, extra fees such as incidental and meal plan costs tended to be noticeably cheaper at the larger universities I attended. Just know that private colleges are hardly ever worth it — unless one obtains an abnormally large scholarship.

All in all, a degree is just a degree, no matter where you get it from. It is not much other than a symbol of wasted money, a ticket to higher education or a one-way entrance into the bottom of the corporate ladder.

Contact the author at howlstaffwriter@wou.edu

Is college the best four years of your life?

Written by: Mirella Barrera-Betancourt

I’m a hardcore pessimist, whether I intend to be or not. I have a tendency to see the worst in people before I ever begin to trust them, and I cringe at overly excessive exuberance and optimism. 

However, the pessimist side of me once became excited at the prospect of university. I thought that the “college experience” — my college experience, to be precise — would be different from my high school experience. 

I thought “This is my chance to live life to the fullest,” only for me to begin attending college well into the peak of the pandemic, with the musky scent of a dorm room in the sweltering heat of summer, no friends or acquaintances in town — besides my residential assistant, of course — to get ice cream downtown with and only the feeling of homesickness swirling around in my gut, essentially destroying my motivation and drive for the years to come.

Now, as I approach my fourth and final year of college, I have found myself in a pickle when it comes to feelings of joy and regret. While I am overjoyed at the thought of nearly being finished with my degree, I cannot help but question myself over whether I could have done more to make my college experience the best it could have been.

There are times when I will bolt upright on my bed and ponder if this is it — the college experience that is so glamorized and portrayed as a spiritual and mind-blowing adventure.

If the weekly assignments, research essays and exams — mixed in with my social anxiety and chronic pains frankly ill-suited for a person my age — were not enough to leave me stressed, I am constantly worrying about how I will afford to pay my remaining college expenses out of pocket. I do not remember that being a part of the college experience.

Moreover, I never had a reference to turn to in regards to the college experience, as the first person in my family to attend college. However, I wish that someone — anyone — had disclosed to me back as a senior in high school that the university experience is not at all sunshine and rainbows as it is portrayed out to be on social and mainstream media. 

In my case, it is definitely not where you meet your lifelong friends, make your wildest memories and/or meet the love of your life. I have a hard time attempting to convince myself, but I am here to tell you that it is okay to not see your three or four years in college as the perfect, best years of your life. 

I have the remainder of my 20s and 30s to live life to the fullest, as well as my 40s — and hopefully 50s.

Contact the author at howlnews@wou.edu

Together, Western succeeds

Written by: Mirella Barrera-Betancourt

Western is currently designated as an emerging Hispanic-Serving Institution, or eHSI, with a little under a quarter of their undergraduate student population identifying as Hispanic. 

Hispanic-Serving Institutions are accredited and degree-granting institutions of higher education where the Hispanic enrollment constitutes a minimum of 25% of the total headcount enrollment. 

According to Excelencia in Education — a non-profit organization promoting and leading the fight in the strive for academic success in Latino student populations — HSIs enroll 62% of Latino undergraduates, but only make up 19% of all colleges and universities in the United States. There are currently five HSIs in the state of Oregon — two of which include Chemeketa Community College and Columbia Gorge Community College. 

For the last few years, Western has been committed to becoming an HSI. On Apr. 26, Western presented its second HSI Summit since becoming an eHSI. The event was a day-long experience, consisting of eight consecutive sessions split between lunch and entertainment at noon. There were three concurrent sessions, giving the community the option of choosing which to attend.

This year, the purpose of the HSI Summit was to provide the community with an opportunity to learn about the importance of what it means to become an HSI, whilst incorporating a larger involvement from their state and national partners. Moreover, the event narrowed down on the importance of connections in the community; the theme which consequently reflected “Making Conexiones.”

However, a large amount of the focus remained on the students of which the event was about. The event incorporated student feedback and testimony into the sessions through one student panel and a round table discussion, encouraging input on the institution’s current state as an eHSI. 

There were student moderators and presenters facilitating each discussion session. Julisa Chavez, student spokesperson for Chemeketa Community College, and Priscila España, a student from Western, took the stage to present the number of student concerns and testimonies expressed through the student round table discussion, which ranged from cultural/ethnic representation and financial hardships, to a lack of transportation and mental health resources.

Vice President for Institutional Engagement at Excelencia in Education, Jennifer Gomez-Chavez, was the keynote speaker of the HSI Summit. Gomez-Chavez stressed the value of success for Hispanic and Latino students as key to future prosperity, as well as acknowledged the struggles in the journey towards their education and success. 

“This is a journey that we’re all on together, and it begins with an idea, with a strategy, with a commitment, and an action to intentionally serve,” Gomez-Chavez said.

During the keynote speech, Gomez-Chavez congratulated President Peters on becoming appointed as a president for Latino Student Success — an integral part of the movement in Excelencia in Education across the country. Presidents for Latino Student Success are a diverse group of college and university presidents and chancellors who have intentionally committed to turning their institutions into thriving learning environments for Hispanic and Latino students. 

There were various other speakers in the sessions to the event, including Director for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Rudyane Rivera Lindstrom; Assistant Professor of Psychological Sciences at Western, Kathy Espino-Perez; Director of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion at Columbia Gorge Community College, Lisa AbuAssaly George; Director of Advising and Title III at Columbia Gorge Community College, Sara Mustonen, and Associate Professor of Psychological Sciences at Western, Alicia Ibaraki.

The closing remarks came courtesy of Jerry Ambris, a member of the Board of Trustees at Western and Executive Director of Habitat for Humanity of the Mid-Willamette Valley, where he shared his personal story as a first-generation college student, as well as the first person in his family to attend university. 

Lastly, Ambris spoke on the significance of Hispanic and Latino voices at institutions of higher education. He added, “Think about (those) connections. If there is a student up here, we can learn from them — that was shown today … They have powerful ideas and thoughts, and if we listen, we will find the answers.”

Contact the author at howlnews@wou.edu

Wolves clinch conference title

Written by: Nicholas Sarysz

The Western’s men’s baseball team just completed a five-game sweep over their in-conference opponent, Montana State Billings, bringing their current win streak to 10 games. Both of the Wolves’ wins during their home double-header on Saturday came in walk-off fashion.

More importantly, the wins on Saturday clinched the Greater Northwest Athletic Conference, or  GNAC, regular-season title, with a current record of 19-8 in conference play, 26-12 overall.

On top of the overall team success, Seniors Jacob Maiben and Chris Hardin were both named GNAC players of the week. Maiben, an outfielder, went .619 AVG, 13-for-21, with two triples, two doubles, nine RBI and eight runs against Montana State Billings. He also boasts outstanding season statistics, batting a .407 AVG, 57/140, and driving in 24 runs.

Hardin, a starting pitcher, was on the mound this past Friday, April 28, — throwing a seven-inning complete, giving up two runs on five hits with seven strikeouts and one walk to pick up the win. He holds a 6-3 record overall this year, with a 4.43 ERA, allowing just 12 walks while striking out 41 batters.

The Wolves head to Saint Martin’s University on Thursday, May 4 for a four-game, two-day series to close out the regular season. On the following Thursday, May 11, they will head back to Saint Martin’s University for the GNAC Championships. The top three teams in the conference regular-season standings qualify for the tournament, and the winner will get the conference’s automatic bid to the NCAA Championships. All of the championship games will be streamed on GNAC.tv.

Contact the author at howlnews@wou.edu

Dungeons & Dragons: Honor Among Thieves

Written by: Gretchen Sims

A Dungeons & Dragons movie has been in the works for a while now. Multiple studios fought to be the first to cater to the growing geek audience. Recently, on Mar. 10, Paramount Pictures graced the D&D community with “Dungeons & Dragons: Honor Among Thieves.” 

Directed by Jonathan Goldstein and John Francis Daley, this riveting adventure-comedy stars Chris Pine, Michelle Rodriguez, Regé-Jean Page, Justice Smith, Sophia Lillis and Hugh Grant. 

The campaign was set in the Forgotten Realms — a gameplay scenario designed by Ed Greenwood in 1967 and adapted into the D&D world in 1987 — and follows a band of social misfits on a quest to reunite a family. 

This movie ticks all the boxes. The producers managed to perfectly capture the chaotic and spontaneous nature of a D&D campaign. From a tumbling chunky dragon almost squashing the crew to a thrown potato being the climax of the movie, one can feel the role-playing game integrated into almost every line. 

Out of this chaos arises the humor that has helped rocket this film to box office success. There were several moments when I was doubled over in the theater — unable to see the screen due to the tears in my eyes. 

The characters are very relatable — all very much human despite their fantasy-like nature. I frequently found myself relating to the wizard who could not use magic to fix any of their problems. Each character was loveable and developed well — the audience couldn’t help but root for them every step of the way. 

While this movie had me rolling on the floor laughing, it also produced tender, heartwarming moments that satisfied both the heart and the wit. The storyline itself was complicated — closely resembling a game of D&D — but easy to follow. I would highly recommend this film to all those who enjoy role-playing games. It was truly a masterpiece and it is hopefully the first of many to come. This is such an interesting genre to explore because it allows such creativity for the writers and producers while still acting as the classic fantasy movie that audiences love. 

8.5/10.

Contact the author at howlentertainment@wou.edu

A Work in Memory

Written by: Gretchen Sims

Whether art is one’s passion or hobby, it is important to acknowledge how impactful it can be on one’s life. 

Morgan Amerson Horton, this month’s senior artist in the WUC, explores the concept of art as a reflection of life in their exhibit “Color Me Surprised.” This exhibit uses colors and different mediums to bring the pieces to life. 

Below is Amerson Horton talking about what makes them the artist they are today. 

“The interest I have in art has always been innate. It is something I have tried to incorporate into everything I do. I am constantly observing, seeing where beauty has left its mark. Graffiti on the side of a train, sculptures and architecture that seemed to go unnoticed, the unique faces and lives of the passerby… 

I got my creative start from watching everything my mom did. She painted us kids huge murals in our bedrooms, each one unique to our ‘theme.’ She’s stayed up late helping us create projects for our classes. Her and I have refurbished furniture, painted anything under the sun, and put together incredible decorative events. We have always been a dynamic duo. 

My dad doesn’t have an artistic bone in his body but he has always shown his love for what I do. When he was writing his book A God Nearby: Three Medieval Views of Immanence and Transcendence, he asked me to create the cover. He even has the painting hung up in his office; as if my art isn’t all over the house. 

My parents’ encouragement in my pursuit for the arts is something I have always been glad to have. I couldn’t be where I am today without their all-encompassing support in me.

I am often inspired by a feeling of nostalgia or personal history. My Memory series encompasses the many places I’ve lived in and what was influential/important to me while I was there. The sculpture ‘Light of My Life’ invokes a feeling of household femininity, and childhood encapsulation. The natural environment is also a symbol in a lot of my works; florals especially. 

Going back Memory, I incorporated the state flower in each pair as a way to add my adoration for the different environments I was surrounded by. This feeling is also represented in the sculpture ‘The Vastness of Reality.’ My biggest inspiration though is color. 

I am repeatedly attracted to bright, fun, and colorful. That above all else takes place in what I do. Works like ‘Feel the Rainbow’ and ‘Go with the Flow’ encompasses my love for color and playful abstraction. It is obvious I am not shy to pushing the limit and being as loud as I can be. 

If you take anything from my art, it’s to be 100% you. Don’t let others limit what you can create or what you can be. I have always been told I need to tone it down but I make what speaks to me. What feel’s natural.”

Contact the author at howlentertainment@wou.edu

Thinking about getting a fish?

Written by: Jude Bokovoy

Having a pet fish seems to be a right of passage for early students at Western. A pet fish gives students the ability to keep them in their dorm rooms, being seemingly low maintenance and relatively inexpensive. As the owner of two fish and two frogs, there is much advice to give. 

Research — Before purchasing a fish, research the fish one would like to get. I know that may sound over the top, but it’s just too easy to get the first appealing fish one sees without knowing the consequences. Things to look for are what kind of water and lighting is required as well as the aggressiveness and average lifespan of the fish. This could even be done while in the pet store seeing what the options are. 

Tanks — There is a wide range when it comes to fish tanks. Each fish requires a specific amount of room to live — be sure to consider how much it will grow or whether one plans on geting it some friends. This is one of the bigger purchases that comes with owning a fish. Make sure that it is big enough or even bigger than necessary to prevent buying another in the future. Something to keep in mind is how one is planning to clean it. How will it be carried and where will it be sanitized? 

Products — There is a wide range of products when it comes to owning a sea creature. One can be a minimalist, having a plant or two in the tank, or a maximalist with a house and lots of other decor. But that’s not all. One needs to find food that will be nourishing for their specific breed, rocks for the bottom of the tank and water conditioner. There are a whole lot more products one could choose to buy, these are just the essentials. 

Time commitment — Even though people’s first thoughts when choosing a fish as a pet is the low time commitment, turns out that isn’t completely true. To assure the fish is comfortable, one should feed it at around the same time every day, or twice depending on the type, clean the tank regularly and notice if something is bothering the fish. When one leaves for the weekend, one must bring their fish with them or have a friend feed them at the same time when gone. Something to really think about is how much one trusts the person because the fish could die in someone else’s hands… it happens. Lastly, fish actually can live for a long time. It’s not unheard of to have the same fish throughout one’s entire four years of college. 

Cleaning — This might be the last thing one thinks about when first getting the fish. Once having it, the task will weigh on one’s head every few weeks. Consider getting a filter, this will help the longevity of the tanks cleanliness between cleans. It’s also good to have a miniature back up tank just in case the normal one breaks in the process of transporting or cleaning it. Now that is a catastrophe. 

Consider getting a frog or two — African Dwarf Frogs, on the other hand, are pretty low maintenance. They produce very little waste, leading one to clean their tank considerably less often. Their main focus when swimming is going up and down so there isn’t a need to get a huge expensive tank that’s hard to carry. They also do fine with another frog so one is able to get their pet friends down the road. Lastly, they only need to be fed three times a week when they are more than a year old. 

Contact the author at howllifestyle@mail.wou.edu

Warm weather activities

Written by: Mikayla Coleman

Say goodbye to the endless gloomy, gray days of Oregon winter— the weeks ahead call for warm sunshine and warm hearts. Use the recommendations listed below to construct one’s perfect sunny day. 

Have a picnic with friends — Picnics should be a more widely accepted adult activity. Nothing beats sitting on a nice hill and spending time with some friends. Simply pack one’s favorite snacks, beverages, paper plates and disposable utensils to get one’s picnic started. Going with a number of friends? Assign responsibilities and collaborate in making a charcuterie board with an assortment of different fruits, cheeses, jams and nuts. 

Play an outdoor sport — Whether one is looking to go to an outdoor court or looking for less competitive physical activities, Western has many options to choose from when it comes to playing outdoor sports. My personal favorite outdoor sport is Badminton, but there are courts specifically for tennis and basketball courts for students and community members to use on Western’s campus. If one is looking for a more casual activity, one can bring a volleyball or soccer ball out to Western’s recreational areas and fields to toss around with a friend. 

Visit restaurants and bars with outdoor seating — There are some great places to get drinks and grub in the Monmouth-Independence area. Drytown Tap Station is notoriously known for its great outdoor seating and variety of food trucks nearby. They also participate in WOU Wednesday and give students different rotating discounts on various drinks and food. Another wonderful spot to consider is Mangiare Italian Restaurant. With great patio outdoor seating, excellent pasta, complimentary bread and cocktails to die for, when the sun comes out, visiting Mangiare is a must. 

Relax by the river — The sound of rushing water is soothing. Luckily, we are very close to Independence’s riverfront park. Take the MI Trolley to the riverfront to relax and rewind after heavy study days. Spread out a blanket and bring one’s favorite pair of headphones or a portable speaker to listen to one’s favorite music. One can also bring a book, journal, planner or craft to work on while soaking up the rays. 

Visit an outdoor market — One of the best things about the warm weather returning is the return of outdoor markers. Whether one needs fresh fruits or veggies, a beautiful bundle of flowers or some handmade jewelry, outdoor markets got it covered. Independence has a small farmers market that runs April through October. Located in the Independence Umpqua Bank parking lot, one can visit the market on Saturdays from 9:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. If one is looking for a more elaborate market with a wider variety of vendors, Salem Saturday Market is located in downtown Salem from March through October. The market is also open on Saturdays from 9:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m.

Contact the author at howleditor@wou.edu



Gluten-free apple cinnamon muffins

Written by:Mikayla Coleman

GLUTEN-FREE APPLE CINNAMON MUFFINS

Start to finish: 30 minutes

Yields: 12 muffins

Crumb Topping

½ cup gluten-free all purpose flour 

⅓ cup light brown sugar, packed

½ teaspoon ground cinnamon

3 tablespoons unsalted butter, melted

1 egg yolk 

Muffins 

½ cup unsalted butter, softened at room temperature 

½ cup light brown sugar, packed

¼ cup granulated sugar 

2 large eggs, room temperature 

½ cup yogurt or sour cream, room temperature 

1 teaspoon baking soda

1 teaspoon baking powder 

1 teaspoon cinnamon 

½ teaspoon salt 

2 cups apples, peeled and chopped 

Vanilla Glaze (optional)

1 cup powdered sugar 

1 ½ tablespoons milk or cream

½ teaspoon vanilla extract

Preheat the oven to 375 ℉. Line a muffin tin with paper liners. 

Begin by preparing the crumb topping. In a medium bowl combine flour, brown sugar and cinnamon. Stir in the melted butter and egg yolk until well combined. Set aside. 

For the muffin batter, beat together softened butter, brown sugar and granulated sugar in a large bowl until pale, light and fluffy — about 2-3 minutes. Then add yogurt or sour cream, eggs and vanilla and mix until well combined. Add the gluten-free flour, baking soda, baking powder, cinnamon and salt. Mix at a medium-low speed until no flour pockets remain, then mix in chopped apples on low speed. 

Divide the batter evenly in the muffin tin, filling each all the way to the top. Break off chunks of crumb topping and place onto each muffin until evenly distributed. Press down gently to adhere the crumb topping to the batter. Bake for 18-20 minutes, rotating the tin halfway through. Insert a toothpick beyond the crumb topping and into the muffin to make sure it is cooked through. 

Cool the muffins in the pan for 5 minutes, then gently pop each muffin out and place on a wire rack to cool. For the finishing glaze, whisk together milk or cream, vanilla and powdered sugar and drizzle on top. Let the glaze harden before storing. 

Recipe from mamagourmand.com

https://www.mamagourmand.com/gluten-free-apple-muffins/#recipe

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Western Oregon University in Monmouth, OR is located within the traditional homelands of the Luckiamute Band of Kalapuya. Following the Willamette Valley Treaty of 1855 (Kalapuya etc. Treaty), Kalapuya people were forcibly removed to reservations in Western Oregon. Today, living descendants of these people are a part of the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Community of Oregon and the Confederated Tribes of the Siletz Indians.

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